Studies on the Hydrodynamics of Fluidized Layers I. Measuring Methods for the Determination of the Expansion of Fluidized Layers

Abstract

Knowledge of the expansion of fluidized layers is important both with regard to calculation connected with heat and material transfer processes, and for apparatus design. The expansion of the layer can - among others - be characterized by the void fraction of the fluidized bed. The determination methods: of the void fraction can be divided into three groups: a) those applicable in the case of fluidization with a liquid or a gas, b) those applicable only in the case of liquid fluidization, c) those applicable only in case of fluidization with a gas. The authors describe the measuring techniques published in literature according to the above grouping. A report is presented on the research work carried out to investigate the applicability of measuring techniques, the elaboration of new technologies, and to improve those already known. The conditions of the applicability and the possibilities of methods for the determination of the free volume ratio are summarized in a tabular form.